" _Paiderastia_ in the Greek anthology has been fully
explored by P. Stephanus (_Jahrbuch fuer sexuelle Zwischenstufen_,
vol. ix, 1908, p. 213). Kiefer, who has studied Socrates in
relation to homosexuality (O. Kiefer, "Socrates und die
Homosexualitaet," _Jahrbuch fuer sexuelle Zwischenstufen_, vol. ix,
1908), concludes that he was bisexual but that his sexual
impulses had been sublimated. It may be added that many results
of recent investigation concerning _paiderastia_ are summarized
by Hirschfeld, _Die Homosexualitaet_, pp. 747-788, and by Edward
Carpenter, _Intermediate Types Among Primitive Folk_, 1914, part
ii; see also Bloch, _Die Prostitution_, vol. i, p. 232 et seq.,
and _Der Ursprung der Syphilis_, vol. ii, p. 564.
It would appear that almost the only indications outside Greece of
_paiderastic_ homosexuality showing a high degree of tenderness and
esthetic feeling are to be found in Persian and Arabian literature, after
the time of the Abbasids, although this practice was forbidden by the
Koran.[22]
In Constantinople, as Naecke was informed by German inverts living in that
city, homosexuality is widespread, most cultivated Turks being capable of
relations with boys as well as with women, though very few are exclusively
homosexual, so that their attitude would seem to be largely due to custom
and tradition.
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